Praia, Cape Verde – In a beacon of hope for Africa, Cape Verde has become the third African nation to officially eliminate malaria, joining Mauritius and Algeria in a global fight against the deadly disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) announced the momentous news on Friday, highlighting Cape Verde’s unwavering commitment and resilience in achieving this milestone.
With a population of around 500,000, the Atlantic archipelago now joins 43 other countries certified malaria-free by the WHO, demonstrating that the chain of domestic transmission has been successfully broken for at least three consecutive years.
“I salute the government and people of Cabo Verde for their unwavering commitment and resilience in their journey to eliminating malaria,” said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. He emphasized the power of strategic public health planning, collaboration, and sustained efforts in protecting and promoting health, showcased by Cape Verde’s achievement.
Despite this success, the global picture remains grim. In 2022, malaria claimed the lives of an estimated 608,000 individuals worldwide and infected 250 million. Africa bears the brunt of the disease, with 95% of deaths and 94% of cases in 2021 concentrated on the continent, disproportionately affecting children under five.
“Cabo Verde’s achievement is a beacon of hope for the African Region and beyond,” declared Matshidiso Moeti, WHO Regional Director for Africa. “It demonstrates that with strong political will, effective policies, community engagement and multi-sectoral collaboration, malaria elimination is an achievable goal.”
Malaria, transmitted through infected mosquito bites, primarily in tropical regions, can range from mild flu-like symptoms to deadly complications within 24 hours, depending on the strain. Anti-malarial campaigns have primarily focused on prevention through mosquito nets and medication, coupled with insecticide campaigns. However, the introduction of two vaccines in 2021 by the WHO offers further hope for control.
For Cape Verde, the economic advantages of eliminating malaria are significant. The WHO noted the potential to attract more visitors and boost socio-economic activities, especially in a country where tourism contributes approximately 25% of its GDP.
Previously, all 10 islands in Cape Verde were plagued by malaria, with regular outbreaks in densely populated areas. Through targeted insecticide spraying, the country successfully eliminated the disease in 1967 and again in 1983, but lapses in the eradication efforts led to its resurgence.
However, since the late 1980s, malaria was restricted to just two islands, Santiago and Boa Vista, both of which have remained malaria-free since 2017. This achievement stems from a national objective set in 2007, leading to a strategic malaria plan implemented from 2009 to 2013.
The plan focused on expanding diagnosis, early and effective treatment, reporting and investigating all cases, and maintaining vigilance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Notably, free diagnosis and treatment were provided to international travelers and migrants to prevent imported cases.
Cape Verde’s success offers a powerful and inspiring example for other nations battling malaria. With unwavering commitment, effective strategies, and continued collaboration, the elimination of this devastating disease across Africa and beyond can become a reality. The fight against malaria continues, but Cape Verde’s story provides a glimmer of hope, proving that a malaria-free future is indeed possible.
AFP